齐宣王问曰:“齐桓、晋文之事可得闻乎?”
孟子对曰:“仲尼之徒无道桓文之事者,是以后世无传焉,臣未之闻也。无以,则王乎?”
曰:“德何如则可以王矣?”
曰:“保民而王,莫之能御也。”
曰:“若寡人者,可以保民乎哉?”
曰:“可。”
曰:“何由知吾可也?”
曰:“臣闻之胡龁曰:王坐于堂上,有牵牛而过堂下者,王见之,曰:‘牛何之?’对曰:‘将以衅钟。’王曰:‘舍之!吾不忍其觳觫,若无罪而就死地。’对曰:‘然则废衅钟与?’曰:‘何可废也,以羊易之。’不识有诸?”
曰:“有之。”
曰:“是心足以王矣。百姓皆以王为爱也,臣固知王之不忍也。”
王曰:“然,诚有百姓者。齐国虽褊小,吾何爱一牛?即不忍其觳觫,若无罪而就死地,故以羊易之也。”
曰:“王无异于百姓之以王为爱也。以小易大,彼恶知之?王若隐其无罪而就死地,则牛羊何择焉?”
王笑曰:“是诚何心哉?我非爱其财而易之以羊也,宜乎百姓之谓我爱也。”
曰:“无伤也,是乃仁术也,见牛未见羊也。君子之于禽兽也,见其生,不忍见其死;闻其声,不忍食其肉。是以君子远庖厨也。”
王说,曰:“《诗》云:‘他人有心,予忖度之。’夫子之谓也。夫我乃行之,反而求之,不得吾心;夫子言之,于我心有戚戚焉。此心之所以合于王者,何也?”
曰:“有复于王者曰:‘吾力足以举百钧,而不足以举一羽;明足以察秋毫之末,而不见舆薪。’则王许之乎?”
曰:“否!”
“今恩足以及禽兽,而功不至于百姓者,独何与?然则一羽之不举,为不用力焉;舆薪之不见,为不用明焉;百姓之不见保,为不用恩焉。故王之不王,不为也,非不能也。”
曰:“不为者与不能者之形,何以异?”
曰:“挟太山以超北海,语人曰:‘我不能。’是诚不能也。为长者折枝,语人曰:‘我不能。’是不为也,非不能也。故王之不王,非挟太山以超北海之类也;王之不王,是折枝之类也。老吾老,以及人之老;幼吾幼,以及人之幼:天下可运于掌。《诗》云:‘刑于寡妻,至于兄弟,以御于家邦。’言举斯心加诸彼而已。故推恩足以保四海,不推恩无以保妻子。古之人所以大过人者,无他焉,善推其所为而已矣。今恩足以及禽兽,而功不至于百姓者,独何与?权,然后知轻重;度,然后知长短。物皆然,心为甚。王请度之!
“抑王兴甲兵,危士臣,构怨于诸侯,然后快于心与?”
王曰:“否,吾何快于是?将以求吾所大欲也。”
曰:“王之所大欲,可得闻与?”
王笑而不言。
曰:“为肥甘不足于口与?轻暖不足于体与?抑为采色不足视于目与?声音不足听于耳与?便嬖不足使令于前与?王之诸臣皆足以供之,而王岂为是哉?”
曰:“否,吾不为是也。”
曰:“然则王之所大欲可知已:欲辟土地,朝秦楚,莅中国而抚四夷也。以若所为,求若所欲,犹缘木而求鱼也。”
王曰:“若是其甚与?”
曰:“殆有甚焉。缘木求鱼,虽不得鱼,无后灾;以若所为,求若所欲,尽心力而为之,后必有灾。”
曰:“可得闻与?”
曰:“邹人与楚人战,则王以为孰胜?”
曰:“楚人胜。”
曰:“然则小固不可以敌大,寡固不可以敌众,弱固不可以敌强。海内之地,方千里者九,齐集有其一。以一服八,何以异于邹敌楚哉?盍亦反其本矣?今王发政施仁,使天下仕者皆欲立于王之朝,耕者皆欲耕于王之野,商贾皆欲藏于王之市,行旅皆欲出于王之涂,天下之欲疾其君者皆欲赴愬于王。其若是,孰能御之?”
王曰:“吾惛,不能进于是矣。愿夫子辅吾志,明以教我。我虽不敏,请尝试之。”
曰:“无恒产而有恒心者,惟士为能。若民,则无恒产,因无恒心。苟无恒心,放辟邪侈,无不为已。及陷于罪,然后从而刑之,是罔民也。焉有仁人在位,罔民而可为也?是故明君制民之产,必使仰足以事父母,俯足以畜妻子,乐岁终身饱,凶年免于死亡;然后驱而之善,故民之从之也轻。今也制民之产,仰不足以事父母,俯不足以畜妻子,乐岁终身苦,凶年不免于死亡。此惟救死而恐不赡,奚暇治礼义哉?王欲行之,则盍反其本矣;五亩之宅,树之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣;鸡、豚、狗、彘之畜,无失其时,七十者可以食肉矣;百亩之田,勿夺其时,八口之家可以无饥矣;谨庠序之教,申之以孝悌之义,颁白者不负戴于道路矣。老者衣帛食肉,黎民不饥不寒,然而不王者,未之有也。”
qi xuan wang wen yue :“qi huan 、jin wen zhi shi ke de wen hu ?”
meng zi dui yue :“zhong ni zhi tu wu dao huan wen zhi shi zhe ,shi yi hou shi wu chuan yan ,chen wei zhi wen ye 。wu yi ,ze wang hu ?”
yue :“de he ru ze ke yi wang yi ?”
yue :“bao min er wang ,mo zhi neng yu ye 。”
yue :“ruo gua ren zhe ,ke yi bao min hu zai ?”
yue :“ke 。”
yue :“he you zhi wu ke ye ?”
yue :“chen wen zhi hu zuo yue :wang zuo yu tang shang ,you qian niu er guo tang xia zhe ,wang jian zhi ,yue :‘niu he zhi ?’dui yue :‘jiang yi xin zhong 。’wang yue :‘she zhi !wu bu ren qi zuo zuo ,ruo wu zui er jiu si di 。’dui yue :‘ran ze fei xin zhong yu ?’yue :‘he ke fei ye ,yi yang yi zhi 。’bu shi you zhu ?”
yue :“you zhi 。”
yue :“shi xin zu yi wang yi 。bai xing jie yi wang wei ai ye ,chen gu zhi wang zhi bu ren ye 。”
wang yue :“ran ,cheng you bai xing zhe 。qi guo sui zuo xiao ,wu he ai yi niu ?ji bu ren qi zuo zuo ,ruo wu zui er jiu si di ,gu yi yang yi zhi ye 。”
yue :“wang wu yi yu bai xing zhi yi wang wei ai ye 。yi xiao yi da ,bi e zhi zhi ?wang ruo yin qi wu zui er jiu si di ,ze niu yang he ze yan ?”
wang xiao yue :“shi cheng he xin zai ?wo fei ai qi cai er yi zhi yi yang ye ,yi hu bai xing zhi wei wo ai ye 。”
yue :“wu shang ye ,shi nai ren shu ye ,jian niu wei jian yang ye 。jun zi zhi yu qin shou ye ,jian qi sheng ,bu ren jian qi si ;wen qi sheng ,bu ren shi qi rou 。shi yi jun zi yuan zuo chu ye 。”
wang shuo ,yue :“《shi 》yun :‘ta ren you xin ,yu zuo du zhi 。’fu zi zhi wei ye 。fu wo nai xing zhi ,fan er qiu zhi ,bu de wu xin ;fu zi yan zhi ,yu wo xin you qi qi yan 。ci xin zhi suo yi he yu wang zhe ,he ye ?”
yue :“you fu yu wang zhe yue :‘wu li zu yi ju bai jun ,er bu zu yi ju yi yu ;ming zu yi cha qiu hao zhi mo ,er bu jian yu xin 。’ze wang xu zhi hu ?”
yue :“fou !”
“jin en zu yi ji qin shou ,er gong bu zhi yu bai xing zhe ,du he yu ?ran ze yi yu zhi bu ju ,wei bu yong li yan ;yu xin zhi bu jian ,wei bu yong ming yan ;bai xing zhi bu jian bao ,wei bu yong en yan 。gu wang zhi bu wang ,bu wei ye ,fei bu neng ye 。”
yue :“bu wei zhe yu bu neng zhe zhi xing ,he yi yi ?”
yue :“xie tai shan yi chao bei hai ,yu ren yue :‘wo bu neng 。’shi cheng bu neng ye 。wei chang zhe zhe zhi ,yu ren yue :‘wo bu neng 。’shi bu wei ye ,fei bu neng ye 。gu wang zhi bu wang ,fei xie tai shan yi chao bei hai zhi lei ye ;wang zhi bu wang ,shi zhe zhi zhi lei ye 。lao wu lao ,yi ji ren zhi lao ;you wu you ,yi ji ren zhi you :tian xia ke yun yu zhang 。《shi 》yun :‘xing yu gua qi ,zhi yu xiong di ,yi yu yu jia bang 。’yan ju si xin jia zhu bi er yi 。gu tui en zu yi bao si hai ,bu tui en wu yi bao qi zi 。gu zhi ren suo yi da guo ren zhe ,wu ta yan ,shan tui qi suo wei er yi yi 。jin en zu yi ji qin shou ,er gong bu zhi yu bai xing zhe ,du he yu ?quan ,ran hou zhi qing zhong ;du ,ran hou zhi chang duan 。wu jie ran ,xin wei shen 。wang qing du zhi !
“yi wang xing jia bing ,wei shi chen ,gou yuan yu zhu hou ,ran hou kuai yu xin yu ?”
wang yue :“fou ,wu he kuai yu shi ?jiang yi qiu wu suo da yu ye 。”
yue :“wang zhi suo da yu ,ke de wen yu ?”
wang xiao er bu yan 。
yue :“wei fei gan bu zu yu kou yu ?qing nuan bu zu yu ti yu ?yi wei cai se bu zu shi yu mu yu ?sheng yin bu zu ting yu er yu ?bian zuo bu zu shi ling yu qian yu ?wang zhi zhu chen jie zu yi gong zhi ,er wang qi wei shi zai ?”
yue :“fou ,wu bu wei shi ye 。”
yue :“ran ze wang zhi suo da yu ke zhi yi :yu bi tu di ,chao qin chu ,zuo zhong guo er fu si yi ye 。yi ruo suo wei ,qiu ruo suo yu ,you yuan mu er qiu yu ye 。”
wang yue :“ruo shi qi shen yu ?”
yue :“dai you shen yan 。yuan mu qiu yu ,sui bu de yu ,wu hou zai ;yi ruo suo wei ,qiu ruo suo yu ,jin xin li er wei zhi ,hou bi you zai 。”
yue :“ke de wen yu ?”
yue :“zou ren yu chu ren zhan ,ze wang yi wei shu sheng ?”
yue :“chu ren sheng 。”
yue :“ran ze xiao gu bu ke yi di da ,gua gu bu ke yi di zhong ,ruo gu bu ke yi di qiang 。hai nei zhi di ,fang qian li zhe jiu ,qi ji you qi yi 。yi yi fu ba ,he yi yi yu zou di chu zai ?zuo yi fan qi ben yi ?jin wang fa zheng shi ren ,shi tian xia shi zhe jie yu li yu wang zhi chao ,geng zhe jie yu geng yu wang zhi ye ,shang jia jie yu cang yu wang zhi shi ,xing lv jie yu chu yu wang zhi tu ,tian xia zhi yu ji qi jun zhe jie yu fu yu wang 。qi ruo shi ,shu neng yu zhi ?”
wang yue :“wu ,bu neng jin yu shi yi 。yuan fu zi fu wu zhi ,ming yi jiao wo 。wo sui bu min ,qing chang shi zhi 。”
yue :“wu heng chan er you heng xin zhe ,wei shi wei neng 。ruo min ,ze wu heng chan ,yin wu heng xin 。gou wu heng xin ,fang bi xie chi ,wu bu wei yi 。ji xian yu zui ,ran hou cong er xing zhi ,shi zuo min ye 。yan you ren ren zai wei ,zuo min er ke wei ye ?shi gu ming jun zhi min zhi chan ,bi shi yang zu yi shi fu mu ,fu zu yi xu qi zi ,le sui zhong shen bao ,xiong nian mian yu si wang ;ran hou qu er zhi shan ,gu min zhi cong zhi ye qing 。jin ye zhi min zhi chan ,yang bu zu yi shi fu mu ,fu bu zu yi xu qi zi ,le sui zhong shen ku ,xiong nian bu mian yu si wang 。ci wei jiu si er kong bu shan ,zuo xia zhi li yi zai ?wang yu xing zhi ,ze zuo fan qi ben yi ;wu mu zhi zhai ,shu zhi yi sang ,wu shi zhe ke yi yi bo yi ;ji 、zuo 、gou 、zuo zhi xu ,wu shi qi shi ,qi shi zhe ke yi shi rou yi ;bai mu zhi tian ,wu duo qi shi ,ba kou zhi jia ke yi wu ji yi ;jin zuo xu zhi jiao ,shen zhi yi xiao zuo zhi yi ,ban bai zhe bu fu dai yu dao lu yi 。lao zhe yi bo shi rou ,li min bu ji bu han ,ran er bu wang zhe ,wei zhi you ye 。”
※提示:拼音为程序生成,因此多音字的拼音可能不准确。