内翰执事:洵布衣穷居,尝窃有叹,以为天下之人,不能皆贤,不能皆不肖。故贤人君子之处于世,合必离,离必合。往者天子方有意于治,而范公在相府,富公为枢密副使,执事与余公、蔡公为谏官,尹公驰骋上下,用力于兵革之地。方是之时,天下之人,毛发丝粟之才,纷纷然而起,合而为一。而洵也自度其愚鲁无用之身,不足以自奋于其间,退而养其心,幸其道之将成,而可以复见于当世之贤人君子。不幸道未成,而范公西,富公北,执事与余公、蔡公分散四出,而尹公亦失势,奔走于小官。洵时在京师,亲见其事,忽忽仰天叹息,以为斯人之去,而道虽成,不复足以为荣也。既复自思,念往者众君子之进于朝,其始也,必有善人焉推之;今也,亦必有小人焉间之。今之世无复有善人也,则已矣。如其不然也,吾何忧焉?姑养其心,使其道大有成而待之,何伤?退而处十年,虽未敢自谓其道有成矣,然浩浩乎其胸中若与曩者异。而余公适亦有成功于南方,执事与蔡公复相继登于朝,富公复自外入为宰相,其势将复合为一。喜且自贺,以为道既已粗成,而果将有以发之也。既又反而思,其向之所慕望爱悦之而不得见之者,盖有六人焉,今将往见之矣。而六人者,已有范公、尹公二人亡焉,则又为之潸然出涕以悲。呜呼,二人者不可复见矣!而所恃以慰此心者,犹有四人也,则又以自解。思其止于四人也,则又汲汲欲一识其面,以发其心之所欲言。而富公又为天子之宰相,远方寒士,未可遽以言通于其前;余公、蔡公,远者又在万里外,独执事在朝廷间,而其位差不甚贵,可以叫呼扳援而闻之以言。而饥寒衰老之病,又痼而留之,使不克自至于执事之庭。夫以慕望爱悦其人之心,十年而不得见,而其人已死,如范公、尹公二人者;则四人之中,非其势不可遽以言通者,何可以不能自往而遽已也!
执事之文章,天下之人莫不知之;然窃自以为洵之知之特深,愈于天下之人。何者?孟子之文,语约而意尽,不为巉刻斩绝之言,而其锋不可犯。韩子之文,如长江大河,浑浩流转,鱼鼋蛟龙,万怪惶惑,而抑遏蔽掩,不使自露;而人望见其渊然之光,苍然之色,亦自畏避,不敢迫视。执事之文,纡余委备,往复百折,而条达疏畅,无所间断;气尽语极,急言竭论,而容与闲易,无艰难劳苦之态。此三者,皆断然自为一家之文也。惟李翱之文,其味黯然而长,其光油然而幽,俯仰揖让,有执事之态。陆贽之文,遣言措意,切近得当,有执事之实;而执事之才,又自有过人者。盖执事之文,非孟子、韩子之文,而欧阳子之文也。夫乐道人之善而不为谄者,以其人诚足以当之也;彼不知者,则以为誉人以求其悦己也。夫誉人以求其悦己,洵亦不为也;而其所以道执事光明盛大之德,而不自知止者,亦欲执事之知其知我也。
虽然,执事之名,满于天下,虽不见其文,而固已知有欧阳子矣。而洵也不幸,堕在草野泥涂之中。而其知道之心,又近而粗成。而欲徒手奉咫尺之书,自托于执事,将使执事何从而知之、何从而信之哉?洵少年不学,生二十五岁,始知读书,从士君子游。年既已晚,而又不遂刻意厉行,以古人自期,而视与己同列者,皆不胜己,则遂以为可矣。其后困益甚,然后取古人之文而读之,始觉其出言用意,与己大异。时复内顾,自思其才,则又似夫不遂止于是而已者。由是尽烧曩时所为文数百篇,取《论语》、《孟子》、韩子及其他圣人、贤人之文,而兀然端坐,终日以读之者,七八年矣。方其始也,入其中而惶然,博观于其外而骇然以惊。及其久也,读之益精,而其胸中豁然以明,若人之言固当然者。然犹未敢自出其言也。时既久,胸中之言日益多,不能自制,试出而书之。已而再三读之,浑浑乎觉其来之易矣,然犹未敢以为是也。近所为《洪范论》《史论》凡七篇,执事观其如何?嘻!区区而自言,不知者又将以为自誉,以求人之知己也。惟执事思其十年之心如是之不偶然也而察之。
nei han zhi shi :zuo bu yi qiong ju ,chang qie you tan ,yi wei tian xia zhi ren ,bu neng jie xian ,bu neng jie bu xiao 。gu xian ren jun zi zhi chu yu shi ,he bi li ,li bi he 。wang zhe tian zi fang you yi yu zhi ,er fan gong zai xiang fu ,fu gong wei shu mi fu shi ,zhi shi yu yu gong 、cai gong wei zuo guan ,yin gong chi cheng shang xia ,yong li yu bing ge zhi di 。fang shi zhi shi ,tian xia zhi ren ,mao fa si su zhi cai ,fen fen ran er qi ,he er wei yi 。er zuo ye zi du qi yu lu wu yong zhi shen ,bu zu yi zi fen yu qi jian ,tui er yang qi xin ,xing qi dao zhi jiang cheng ,er ke yi fu jian yu dang shi zhi xian ren jun zi 。bu xing dao wei cheng ,er fan gong xi ,fu gong bei ,zhi shi yu yu gong 、cai gong fen san si chu ,er yin gong yi shi shi ,ben zou yu xiao guan 。zuo shi zai jing shi ,qin jian qi shi ,hu hu yang tian tan xi ,yi wei si ren zhi qu ,er dao sui cheng ,bu fu zu yi wei rong ye 。ji fu zi si ,nian wang zhe zhong jun zi zhi jin yu chao ,qi shi ye ,bi you shan ren yan tui zhi ;jin ye ,yi bi you xiao ren yan jian zhi 。jin zhi shi wu fu you shan ren ye ,ze yi yi 。ru qi bu ran ye ,wu he you yan ?gu yang qi xin ,shi qi dao da you cheng er dai zhi ,he shang ?tui er chu shi nian ,sui wei gan zi wei qi dao you cheng yi ,ran hao hao hu qi xiong zhong ruo yu zuo zhe yi 。er yu gong shi yi you cheng gong yu nan fang ,zhi shi yu cai gong fu xiang ji deng yu chao ,fu gong fu zi wai ru wei zai xiang ,qi shi jiang fu he wei yi 。xi qie zi he ,yi wei dao ji yi cu cheng ,er guo jiang you yi fa zhi ye 。ji you fan er si ,qi xiang zhi suo mu wang ai yue zhi er bu de jian zhi zhe ,gai you liu ren yan ,jin jiang wang jian zhi yi 。er liu ren zhe ,yi you fan gong 、yin gong er ren wang yan ,ze you wei zhi zuo ran chu ti yi bei 。wu hu ,er ren zhe bu ke fu jian yi !er suo shi yi wei ci xin zhe ,you you si ren ye ,ze you yi zi jie 。si qi zhi yu si ren ye ,ze you ji ji yu yi shi qi mian ,yi fa qi xin zhi suo yu yan 。er fu gong you wei tian zi zhi zai xiang ,yuan fang han shi ,wei ke zuo yi yan tong yu qi qian ;yu gong 、cai gong ,yuan zhe you zai wan li wai ,du zhi shi zai chao ting jian ,er qi wei cha bu shen gui ,ke yi jiao hu ban yuan er wen zhi yi yan 。er ji han shuai lao zhi bing ,you zuo er liu zhi ,shi bu ke zi zhi yu zhi shi zhi ting 。fu yi mu wang ai yue qi ren zhi xin ,shi nian er bu de jian ,er qi ren yi si ,ru fan gong 、yin gong er ren zhe ;ze si ren zhi zhong ,fei qi shi bu ke zuo yi yan tong zhe ,he ke yi bu neng zi wang er zuo yi ye !
zhi shi zhi wen zhang ,tian xia zhi ren mo bu zhi zhi ;ran qie zi yi wei zuo zhi zhi zhi te shen ,yu yu tian xia zhi ren 。he zhe ?meng zi zhi wen ,yu yue er yi jin ,bu wei ke zhan jue zhi yan ,er qi feng bu ke fan 。han zi zhi wen ,ru chang jiang da he ,hun hao liu zhuan ,yu zuo zuo long ,wan guai huang huo ,er yi e bi yan ,bu shi zi lu ;er ren wang jian qi yuan ran zhi guang ,cang ran zhi se ,yi zi wei bi ,bu gan po shi 。zhi shi zhi wen ,zuo yu wei bei ,wang fu bai zhe ,er tiao da shu chang ,wu suo jian duan ;qi jin yu ji ,ji yan jie lun ,er rong yu xian yi ,wu jian nan lao ku zhi tai 。ci san zhe ,jie duan ran zi wei yi jia zhi wen ye 。wei li ao zhi wen ,qi wei zuo ran er chang ,qi guang you ran er you ,fu yang yi rang ,you zhi shi zhi tai 。lu zuo zhi wen ,qian yan cuo yi ,qie jin de dang ,you zhi shi zhi shi ;er zhi shi zhi cai ,you zi you guo ren zhe 。gai zhi shi zhi wen ,fei meng zi 、han zi zhi wen ,er ou yang zi zhi wen ye 。fu le dao ren zhi shan er bu wei zuo zhe ,yi qi ren cheng zu yi dang zhi ye ;bi bu zhi zhe ,ze yi wei yu ren yi qiu qi yue ji ye 。fu yu ren yi qiu qi yue ji ,zuo yi bu wei ye ;er qi suo yi dao zhi shi guang ming sheng da zhi de ,er bu zi zhi zhi zhe ,yi yu zhi shi zhi zhi qi zhi wo ye 。
sui ran ,zhi shi zhi ming ,man yu tian xia ,sui bu jian qi wen ,er gu yi zhi you ou yang zi yi 。er zuo ye bu xing ,duo zai cao ye ni tu zhi zhong 。er qi zhi dao zhi xin ,you jin er cu cheng 。er yu tu shou feng zuo chi zhi shu ,zi tuo yu zhi shi ,jiang shi zhi shi he cong er zhi zhi 、he cong er xin zhi zai ?zuo shao nian bu xue ,sheng er shi wu sui ,shi zhi du shu ,cong shi jun zi you 。nian ji yi wan ,er you bu sui ke yi li xing ,yi gu ren zi qi ,er shi yu ji tong lie zhe ,jie bu sheng ji ,ze sui yi wei ke yi 。qi hou kun yi shen ,ran hou qu gu ren zhi wen er du zhi ,shi jue qi chu yan yong yi ,yu ji da yi 。shi fu nei gu ,zi si qi cai ,ze you si fu bu sui zhi yu shi er yi zhe 。you shi jin shao zuo shi suo wei wen shu bai pian ,qu 《lun yu 》、《meng zi 》、han zi ji qi ta sheng ren 、xian ren zhi wen ,er zuo ran duan zuo ,zhong ri yi du zhi zhe ,qi ba nian yi 。fang qi shi ye ,ru qi zhong er huang ran ,bo guan yu qi wai er hai ran yi jing 。ji qi jiu ye ,du zhi yi jing ,er qi xiong zhong huo ran yi ming ,ruo ren zhi yan gu dang ran zhe 。ran you wei gan zi chu qi yan ye 。shi ji jiu ,xiong zhong zhi yan ri yi duo ,bu neng zi zhi ,shi chu er shu zhi 。yi er zai san du zhi ,hun hun hu jue qi lai zhi yi yi ,ran you wei gan yi wei shi ye 。jin suo wei 《hong fan lun 》《shi lun 》fan qi pian ,zhi shi guan qi ru he ?xi !qu qu er zi yan ,bu zhi zhe you jiang yi wei zi yu ,yi qiu ren zhi zhi ji ye 。wei zhi shi si qi shi nian zhi xin ru shi zhi bu ou ran ye er cha zhi 。
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