狱中上梁王书


  臣闻忠无不报,信不见疑,臣常以为然,徒虚语耳。昔荆轲慕燕丹之义,白虹贯日,太子畏之;卫先生为秦画长平之事,太白食昴,昭王疑之。夫精变天地而信不谕两主,岂不哀哉!今臣尽忠竭诚,毕议愿知,左右不明,卒从吏讯,为世所疑。是使荆轲、卫先生复起,而燕、秦不寤也。愿大王孰察之。   昔玉人献宝,楚王诛之;李斯竭忠,胡亥极刑。是以箕子阳狂,接舆避世,恐遭此患也。愿大王察玉人、李斯之意,而后楚王、胡亥之听,毋使臣为箕子、接舆所笑。臣闻比干剖心,子胥鸱夷,臣始不信,乃今知之。愿大王孰察,少加怜焉。   语曰:“有白头如新,倾盖如故。”何则?知与不知也。故樊於期逃秦之燕,借荆轲首以奉丹事;王奢去齐之魏,临城自刭以却齐而存魏。夫王奢、樊於期非新于齐、秦而故于燕、魏也,所以去二国、死两君者,行合于志,慕义无穷也。是以苏秦不信于天下,为燕尾生;白圭战亡六城,为魏取中山。何则?诚有以相知也。苏秦相燕,人恶之燕王,燕王按剑而怒,食以駃騠;白圭显于中山,人恶之于魏文侯,文侯赐以夜光之璧。何则?两主二臣,剖心析肝相信,岂移于浮辞哉!   故女无美恶,入宫见妒;士无贤不肖,入朝见嫉。昔司马喜膑脚于宋,卒相中山;范雎拉胁折齿于魏,卒为应侯。此二人者,皆信必然之画,捐朋党之私,挟孤独之交,故不能自免于嫉妒之人也。是以申徒狄蹈雍之河,徐衍负石入海,不容于世,义不苟取比周于朝以移主上之心。故百里奚乞食于道路,缪公委之以政;甯戚饭牛车下,桓公任之以国。此二人者,岂素宦于朝,借誉于左右,然后二主用之哉?感于心,合于行,坚如胶漆,昆弟不能离,岂惑于众口哉?故偏听生奸,独任成乱。昔鲁听季孙之说逐孔子,宋任子冉之计囚墨翟。夫以孔、墨之辩,不能自免于谗谀,而二国以危。何则?众口铄金,积毁销骨也。秦用戎人由余而伯中国,齐用越人子臧而强威、宣。此二国岂系于俗,牵于世,系奇偏之浮辞哉?公听并观,垂明当世。故意合则胡越为兄弟,由余,子臧是矣;不合则骨肉为仇敌,朱、象、管、蔡是矣。今人主诚能用齐、秦之明,后宋、鲁之听,则五伯不足侔,而三王易为也。   是以圣王觉寤,捐子之之心,而不说田常之贤,封比干之后,修孕妇之墓,故功业覆于天下。何则?欲善亡厌也。夫晋文亲其雠,强伯诸侯;齐桓用其仇,而一匡天下。何则?慈仁殷勤,诚加于心,不可以虚辞借也。   至夫秦用商鞅之法,东弱韩、魏,立强天下,卒车裂之。越用大夫种之谋,禽劲吴而伯中国,遂诛其身。是以孙叔敖三去相而不悔,於陵子仲辞三公为人灌园。今人主诚能去骄傲之心,怀可报之意,披心腹,见情素,堕肝胆,施德厚,终与之穷达,无爱于士,则桀之犬可使呔尧,跖之客可使刺由,何况因万乘之权,假圣王之资乎!然则荆轲湛七族,要离燔妻子(),岂足为大王道哉!   臣闻明月之珠,夜光之璧,以闇投人于道,众莫不按剑相眄者。何则?无因而至前也。蟠木根柢,轮囷离奇,而为万乘器者,以左右先为之容也。故无因而至前,虽出随珠和璧,祗怨结而不见德;有人先游,则枯木朽株,树功而不忘。今夫天下布衣穷居之士,身在贫羸,虽蒙尧、舜之术,挟伊、管之辩,怀龙逢、比干之意,而素无根柢之容,虽竭精神,欲开忠于当世之君,则人主必袭按剑相眄之迹矣。是使布衣之士不得为枯木朽株之资也。   是以圣王制世御俗,独化于陶钧之上,而不牵乎卑辞之语,不夺乎众多之口。故秦皇帝任中庶子蒙嘉之言,以信荆轲,而匕首窃发;周文王猎泾渭,载吕尚归,以王天下。秦信左右而亡,周用乌集而王。何则?以其能越挛拘之语,驰域外之议,独观乎昭旷之道也。   今人主沈谄谀之辞,牵帷廧之制,使不羁之士与牛骥同皁,此鲍焦所以愤于世也。   臣闻盛饰入朝者不以私污义,底厉名号者不以利伤行。故里名胜母,曾子不入;邑号朝歌,墨子回车。今欲使天下寥廓之士笼于威重之权,胁于位势之贵,回面污行,以事谄谀之人,而求亲近于左右,则士有伏死堀穴岩薮之中耳,安有尽忠信而趋阙下者哉!
  chen wen zhong wu bu bao ,xin bu jian yi ,chen chang yi wei ran ,tu xu yu er 。xi jing zuo mu yan dan zhi yi ,bai hong guan ri ,tai zi wei zhi ;wei xian sheng wei qin hua chang ping zhi shi ,tai bai shi zuo ,zhao wang yi zhi 。fu jing bian tian di er xin bu zuo liang zhu ,qi bu ai zai !jin chen jin zhong jie cheng ,bi yi yuan zhi ,zuo you bu ming ,zu cong li xun ,wei shi suo yi 。shi shi jing zuo 、wei xian sheng fu qi ,er yan 、qin bu zuo ye 。yuan da wang shu cha zhi 。   xi yu ren xian bao ,chu wang zhu zhi ;li si jie zhong ,hu hai ji xing 。shi yi ji zi yang kuang ,jie yu bi shi ,kong zao ci huan ye 。yuan da wang cha yu ren 、li si zhi yi ,er hou chu wang 、hu hai zhi ting ,wu shi chen wei ji zi 、jie yu suo xiao 。chen wen bi gan po xin ,zi zuo zuo yi ,chen shi bu xin ,nai jin zhi zhi 。yuan da wang shu cha ,shao jia lian yan 。   yu yue :“you bai tou ru xin ,qing gai ru gu 。”he ze ?zhi yu bu zhi ye 。gu fan zuo qi tao qin zhi yan ,jie jing zuo shou yi feng dan shi ;wang she qu qi zhi wei ,lin cheng zi zuo yi que qi er cun wei 。fu wang she 、fan zuo qi fei xin yu qi 、qin er gu yu yan 、wei ye ,suo yi qu er guo 、si liang jun zhe ,xing he yu zhi ,mu yi wu qiong ye 。shi yi su qin bu xin yu tian xia ,wei yan wei sheng ;bai gui zhan wang liu cheng ,wei wei qu zhong shan 。he ze ?cheng you yi xiang zhi ye 。su qin xiang yan ,ren e zhi yan wang ,yan wang an jian er nu ,shi yi zuo zuo ;bai gui xian yu zhong shan ,ren e zhi yu wei wen hou ,wen hou ci yi ye guang zhi zuo 。he ze ?liang zhu er chen ,po xin xi gan xiang xin ,qi yi yu fu ci zai !   gu nv wu mei e ,ru gong jian du ;shi wu xian bu xiao ,ru chao jian ji 。xi si ma xi zuo jiao yu song ,zu xiang zhong shan ;fan zuo la xie zhe chi yu wei ,zu wei ying hou 。ci er ren zhe ,jie xin bi ran zhi hua ,juan peng dang zhi si ,xie gu du zhi jiao ,gu bu neng zi mian yu ji du zhi ren ye 。shi yi shen tu di dao yong zhi he ,xu yan fu shi ru hai ,bu rong yu shi ,yi bu gou qu bi zhou yu chao yi yi zhu shang zhi xin 。gu bai li zuo qi shi yu dao lu ,zuo gong wei zhi yi zheng ;zuo qi fan niu che xia ,huan gong ren zhi yi guo 。ci er ren zhe ,qi su huan yu chao ,jie yu yu zuo you ,ran hou er zhu yong zhi zai ?gan yu xin ,he yu xing ,jian ru jiao qi ,kun di bu neng li ,qi huo yu zhong kou zai ?gu pian ting sheng jian ,du ren cheng luan 。xi lu ting ji sun zhi shuo zhu kong zi ,song ren zi ran zhi ji qiu mo di 。fu yi kong 、mo zhi bian ,bu neng zi mian yu chan zuo ,er er guo yi wei 。he ze ?zhong kou zuo jin ,ji hui xiao gu ye 。qin yong rong ren you yu er bo zhong guo ,qi yong yue ren zi zuo er qiang wei 、xuan 。ci er guo qi xi yu su ,qian yu shi ,xi qi pian zhi fu ci zai ?gong ting bing guan ,chui ming dang shi 。gu yi he ze hu yue wei xiong di ,you yu ,zi zuo shi yi ;bu he ze gu rou wei chou di ,zhu 、xiang 、guan 、cai shi yi 。jin ren zhu cheng neng yong qi 、qin zhi ming ,hou song 、lu zhi ting ,ze wu bo bu zu zuo ,er san wang yi wei ye 。   shi yi sheng wang jue zuo ,juan zi zhi zhi xin ,er bu shuo tian chang zhi xian ,feng bi gan zhi hou ,xiu yun fu zhi mu ,gu gong ye fu yu tian xia 。he ze ?yu shan wang yan ye 。fu jin wen qin qi zuo ,qiang bo zhu hou ;qi huan yong qi chou ,er yi kuang tian xia 。he ze ?ci ren yin qin ,cheng jia yu xin ,bu ke yi xu ci jie ye 。   zhi fu qin yong shang zuo zhi fa ,dong ruo han 、wei ,li qiang tian xia ,zu che lie zhi 。yue yong da fu zhong zhi mou ,qin jin wu er bo zhong guo ,sui zhu qi shen 。shi yi sun shu ao san qu xiang er bu hui ,zuo ling zi zhong ci san gong wei ren guan yuan 。jin ren zhu cheng neng qu jiao ao zhi xin ,huai ke bao zhi yi ,pi xin fu ,jian qing su ,duo gan dan ,shi de hou ,zhong yu zhi qiong da ,wu ai yu shi ,ze zuo zhi quan ke shi zuo yao ,zuo zhi ke ke shi ci you ,he kuang yin wan cheng zhi quan ,jia sheng wang zhi zi hu !ran ze jing zuo zhan qi zu ,yao li zuo qi zi (),qi zu wei da wang dao zai !   chen wen ming yue zhi zhu ,ye guang zhi zuo ,yi zuo tou ren yu dao ,zhong mo bu an jian xiang zuo zhe 。he ze ?wu yin er zhi qian ye 。zuo mu gen zuo ,lun li qi ,er wei wan cheng qi zhe ,yi zuo you xian wei zhi rong ye 。gu wu yin er zhi qian ,sui chu sui zhu he zuo ,zuo yuan jie er bu jian de ;you ren xian you ,ze ku mu xiu zhu ,shu gong er bu wang 。jin fu tian xia bu yi qiong ju zhi shi ,shen zai pin zuo ,sui meng yao 、shun zhi shu ,xie yi 、guan zhi bian ,huai long feng 、bi gan zhi yi ,er su wu gen zuo zhi rong ,sui jie jing shen ,yu kai zhong yu dang shi zhi jun ,ze ren zhu bi xi an jian xiang zuo zhi ji yi 。shi shi bu yi zhi shi bu de wei ku mu xiu zhu zhi zi ye 。   shi yi sheng wang zhi shi yu su ,du hua yu tao jun zhi shang ,er bu qian hu bei ci zhi yu ,bu duo hu zhong duo zhi kou 。gu qin huang di ren zhong shu zi meng jia zhi yan ,yi xin jing zuo ,er zuo shou qie fa ;zhou wen wang lie zuo wei ,zai lv shang gui ,yi wang tian xia 。qin xin zuo you er wang ,zhou yong wu ji er wang 。he ze ?yi qi neng yue luan ju zhi yu ,chi yu wai zhi yi ,du guan hu zhao kuang zhi dao ye 。   jin ren zhu shen zuo zuo zhi ci ,qian zuo zhi zhi ,shi bu zuo zhi shi yu niu zuo tong ,ci bao jiao suo yi fen yu shi ye 。   chen wen sheng shi ru chao zhe bu yi si wu yi ,di li ming hao zhe bu yi li shang xing 。gu li ming sheng mu ,zeng zi bu ru ;yi hao chao ge ,mo zi hui che 。jin yu shi tian xia liao kuo zhi shi long yu wei zhong zhi quan ,xie yu wei shi zhi gui ,hui mian wu xing ,yi shi zuo zuo zhi ren ,er qiu qin jin yu zuo you ,ze shi you fu si zuo xue yan zuo zhi zhong er ,an you jin zhong xin er qu zuo xia zhe zai !
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相关问题?

《狱中上梁王书》的作者是谁?

《狱中上梁王书》的作者是"邹阳"。


《狱中上梁王书》这首诗词是那个朝代?

《狱中上梁王书》的朝代是"两汉"。